Pamuk first achieved international fame with Beyaz kale (1985 The White Castle), his third novel, which explores the nature of identity through the story of a learned young Italian captured and made a slave to a scholar in 17th-century Istanbul. He followed it with Sessiz ev (1983 Silent House), relying on multiple narrators to shape the story of a family gathering on the eve of the Turkish military coup of 1980. Pamuk began writing seriously in 1974 and eight years later published his first novel, Cevdet Bey ve oğulları (“Cevdet Bey and His Sons”), a sweeping history of an Istanbul family during and after the establishment of the Turkish republic. From 1985 to 1988 he lived in the United States and was a visiting scholar at Columbia University in New York and the University of Iowa. In 1977 he graduated from the University of Istanbul with a degree in journalism. After three years he dropped out and devoted himself full-time to writing. Raised in a wealthy and Western-oriented family, Pamuk attended Robert College, an American school in Istanbul, and went on to study architecture at Istanbul Technical University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2006. Orhan Pamuk, (born June 7, 1952, Istanbul, Turkey), Turkish novelist, best known for works that probe Turkish identity and history.

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